Located within the old city walls of Chiang Mai, Wat Chedi Luang Varavihara is one of northern Thailand’s most revered and historic monuments. Commonly known as the Great Stupa Temple, the majestic site is known for the rich historical and spiritual significance of the Lanna Kingdom. So, in this blog, we are going to explore the interesting History of Wat Chedi Luang, architectural beauty, cultural significance, and practical information regarding a visit to Wat Chedi Luang.
The Historic Origins of Wat Chedi Luang
Wat Chedi Luang was built in 1391 by King Saen Muang Ma. It was meant to contain the ashes of his father, a grander project that spoke to the king’s piety and the might of the Lanna Kingdom. King Saen Muang Ma died before the chedi was finished, and his wife took over the job. It wasn’t until the mid-15th century, during King Tilokaraj’s reign, that the giant chedi was fully constructed.
At one point, Wat Chedi Luang was an engineering triumph. Spirited and divine, standing 80 meters tall and 60 meters wide, it was the tallest monument in the Lanna Kingdom and a beacon of the kingdom’s power and spirituality. In 1468, the temple housed the Emerald Buddha, a much revered relic that gave Wat Chedi Luang its spiritual significance. Sadly, a tragic earthquake in 1545 rocked Chiang Rai destroying 1/3rd of the chedi from the top down. In 1551, the Emerald Buddha was taken to Luang Prabang, Laos, marking a watershed moment in the history of the temple.
In the 1990s, restoration efforts were made with the help of Japan and UNESCO. Though these efforts stabilized the wreckage, the new portions incorporated design elements that stoked debate among preservationists. Nonetheless, the prince’s handiwork with Wat Chedi Luang is still a spectacular sight.
Architectural Brilliance of Wat Chedi Luang
Wat Chedi Luang temple complex is an epitome of history and artistry. The largest chedi, with its weathered bricks, looms over the site, offering an air of ancient glory. Intricate, Naga serpents are carved along the staircases to the building, spiritually represented as protection and strength.
Starting halfway up the chedi’s walls are intricately designed stone elephants, which further enhance the artistic and cultural significance of the monument. Far from being mere ornaments, these statues reflect the deep-seated respect for elephants in Thai culture, where the great beasts are often portrayed as protectors and representations of royal power.
Partially restored after the big earthquake, the chedi gives a glimpse of the once lovely chedi it used to be.
Exploring the Temple Grounds
Although the chedi is the main attraction, much can also be seen in the temple grounds.
1. The Main Viharn (Assembly Hall)
To the right of the chedi is main viharn, an awe inspiring building that enshrines Phra Chao Attarot. This standing Buddha image, made in the late 14th century, is a high point of Lanna craftsmanship. Within the viharn, one can be in peace and meditate.
2. The City Pillar Shrine (Sao Inthakin)
One of the highlights of Wat Chedi Luang is the Sao Inthakin shrine. King Chao Kawila moved this sacred city pillar to the temple grounds in 1800. It is highly respected in the local community, thought to protect the city of Chiang Mai and provide it with prosperity. The shrine is busy throughout the Inthakin Festival, when local people perform rituals and ceremonies for the city pillar.
Things to Do in Wat Chedi Luang
Explore the Grand Chedi
Stroll about the temple’s most-beloved grand chedi, the centerpiece of Wat Chedi Luang. Marvel at the intricate carvings and details that tell the story of the temple’s historic grandeur. Think about its original splendor before the 1594 earthquake transformed its structure. The mythical Naga serpents watching over the staircases and the stone elephants embedded in the walls are testament to ancient devotions and craftsmanship. This things to do in Wat Chedi Luang connects one with centuries of cultural and religious history.
Engage in a Monk Chat
At Wat Chedi Luang, the “Monk Chat” program offers visitors a chance for an intimate dialogue with Buddhist monks. These dialogues are an open invitation for questions about Buddhism, meditation, and monastic life. It’s a unique chance to hear about Thai spirituality, culture and daily rituals straight from the people who practice them. Monk Chats are also a means through which mutual understanding is developed between visitors and the local religious community, promoting a meaningful cultural exchange.
Witness Traditional Ceremonies
Wat Chedi Luang is an active temple, and traditional ceremonies are still commonly practiced here, especially during festivals or special events. Visitors might see offerings being made to the Buddha or locals engaging in merit-making rituals. Rich in Thai traditions, these ceremonies are energetic and spiritual at the same time. You will learn about the value that the community places on their religion and what role the temple has in their lives while watching or even participating in these events.
Attend the Inthakin Festival
If you go in June, you’ll be able to take part in the Inthakin Festival, a celebration of the city pillar shrine. A dazzling mix of tradition and revelry, the celebrations burst with vibrant processions, sacred rites and cultural performances. Residents gather to pay honor and pray for Chiang Mai’s prosperity and protection. If you want to experience the strong spiritual connection the people of Chiang Mai have with their heritage, then participating in this festival will give one such opportunity.
- Evening Visits
In the evening, the peaceful beauty of Wat Chedi Luang becomes almost magical. As the sun sets and the temple compound is lit up, the large chedi is softly lit, and brings a peaceful atmosphere. It is a great time for some quiet contemplation, or just taking amazing pictures of the temple by night. Evening visits are unique and memorable experiences as the peaceful environment is a contrast to the hustle of the day.
Practical Information for Visitors
- Address
Wat Chedi Luang sits in the center of Chiang Mai’s old city: 103 Prapokklao Road, Tambon Si Phum, Amphoe Mueang Chiang Mai, Chang Wat Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
The access to this temple is fairly easy, only by walking, tuk-tuk or songthaew (Thai taxi), from most parts of the old city. - Timings
Temple Timings: Daily 8.00 am-5.00 pm. Try to go in the morning or early afternoon, ahead of the crowds, to experience the tranquil beauty of the grounds. - Dress Code
As a place of worship, it is expected that you will dress modestly when visiting here. Clothing must cover shoulders and knees. DO NOT wear shorts, sleeveless tops or revealing dresses. Be covered appropriately, and if not sure, take a scarf or shawl to cover if visiting somewhere where gender-appropriate dressing is required. Keep in mind that, in some temples, women are not permitted to enter specific areas. - Entrance Fee
Entry fee is relatively small for foreigners and goes towards maintaining and preserving the temple. For Thai nationals, the entrance fee is waived.
Preserving Wat Chedi Luang’s Legacy
Wat Chedi Luang is not just an architectural marvel but also a vibrant embodiment of the history, culture, and spirituality of Chiang Mai. The temple’s importance goes beyond the walls; it stands as a testament to the resilience and devotion of the Thai people. While visiting, tourists are asked to maintain the sanctity of the site, follow the dress code and the temple customs.
FAQs
1. How long to explore Wat Chedi Luang?
The whole experience takes about 1-2 hours if you decide to take part in all the activities.
2. Do they offer guided tours at Wat Chedi Luang?
Yes, there are guided tours which can offer valuable insights into the temple’s history and significance. Otherwise, most visitors guide themselves around with the help of signboards and booklets.
3. When is the best time to visit Wat Chedi Luang?
The cool season from November to February is the best time to visit Chiang Mai, and thus Wat Chedi Luang. The weather is nice, and it’s also a good time to see the festivals such as Loy Krathong.
4. Is photography allowed inside the temple?
Yes, you can take photographs in most parts of the temple. But be respectful, you should avoid using flash photography, particularly in the presence of monks and worshippers.
Conclusion
With its striking architecture and historical significance, Wat Chedi Luang Varavihara is a must-see for anyone travelling to Thailand. So if you are a history buffor a culture vulture, this beautiful location will offer an amazing experience right in the centre of Chiang Mai.